That's a lot of questions
Steve, if you drop me an email I'll send you an example of some t&c's (it helps to put your email in your profile info so ppl can send you stuff without having to ask your address
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It helps if you have a quotation with an acceptance section where they sign and return. You could send 2 copies and ask them to return one signed.
Standard payment terms 30 days.
When chasing late payment, you start off all nice and sweet as sugar, then each time you have to get a bit tougher. As a suggestion, on the 30th day of credit terms, you telephone and explain invoice is now overdue payment. You'll get given the BS about it's bring processed or on the next payment run etc etc. You have to accept this, but back it up by sending a statement of account.
MAINTAIN A PAPER TRAIL FOR FUTURE COURT ACTION!!
Next call comes 7 days later, same thing. Basically you have to feel your way into things but if no payment has come after 60 days, the statement will read "legal proceeding will be taken to recover the debt".
www.moneyclaim.gov.uk is your answer to most debts. To submit a claim you have to pay the court fee, varies from (prices from memory) about £30 up to about £50 depending on size of claim. They get a limited time to answer claim, and limited time to pay up. You can successfully get a CCJ against a company or individual if judgement is in your favour.
The court fee is added to what they owe, they have no choice but to pay this. You can also charge interest (I think it's at 8% over the BoE base rate at the time the invoice became outstanding)
I've been considering a system for encouraging on-time payments from commercial customers but think in reality it will stop a lot from doing business with you because they like to use suppliers like a fee bank and stretch things as far as they can! I've been considering adding an extra item to my quotation called late payment fee and setting it at whatever amount in scale to the invoice, i.e. on a £200 job it would be £40 or on a £1000 it would be £200. The invoice would instruct the customer to deduct his amount if invoice paid on time, and a credit note or revised invoice will be issued for their accounting purposes.
I'd like to think it'd work but I think we allk now it wouldn't
Len Gribble does a lot of commercial, he should have some ideas for you