Gum can be removed with very low pressure steam, just enough to loosen it away then it can be scrapped or extracted off.
We have an Osprey Vega Plus 8 bar steamer, which is ideal for areas where there is lots of chewing gum.
Steam will not touch graffitti, you will need either a solvent based cleaner to break down the paint, or a very high pressure washer, ours is 4000 psi and it still struggles with some graffitti on certain surfaces.